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Major Signs:

There are two times when the doors of repentance are absolutely closed. One is after the appearance of major signs of the Day of Judgment; and the other is when the death comes on one's neck, which is called ghargharah (the gargle of death).

The major signs come right after the other; i.e., in a sequence.

According to the Companions of the Prophet (Sal Allahu 'alaihi wassallam), there are TEN major signs of the Day of Judgment, altogether.

1. Smoke (Dukhaan)
2. Anti-Christ (Ad-Dajjal)
3. Daabbah (Beast)
4. Coming of the sun from opposite direction
5. Coming of 'Esa ('alaihi salaam)
6. Gog and Magog (Yajuj and Majuj)
7. Earthquake in the East
8. Earthquake in the West
9. Earthquake in the Arabian peninsula
10. Fire that starts from Yemen

These signs will come quickly, one after another. According to a hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The signs will come one after another, like beads falling from a string".
The belief in the signs of the Hour is part of our belief in the Unseen (al-ghayb), without which the belief of the Muslim is incomplete.

His description:
The Dajjal is not a jinn or an alien. He is going to be a human being -a young man with twisted, cropped hair (afro).
He is fat, short, his complexion is white. On his forehand, the letters ? ?? (k-f-r) will be inscribed, which will prove that he is Kaafir and Ad-dajjal. Only true Muslims, both literate and illiterate, will be able to read it.
Dajjal will claim to be Allah. Allah is not one eyed while false Messiah, Ad-Dajjal is blind in the right eye and his eye looks like a bulging out grape.

His followers:
The followers of Dajjal will be mostly Jews. Dajjal will come out of Asbahan in Kharrasaan (somewhere in Persian/Central Asia). Currently, this place is occupied mostly by Jews. Interestingly, his followers will be chiefly Jews and women. Mostly women because they are weak-hearted, get under pressure quickly and sympathize; they will be impressed by illusive miracles done by this Evil Liar. His followers will also be hypocrites, back wings and ignorant masses.

His powers:
He will have unusual powers. He will be able to turn houses into ruins, and ruins into treasures.
He will be able to walk upon the earth like cloud driven by the wind. He will come to the people and invite them to accept him as a God; they will affirm their faith in him and respond to him.

He will then give a command to the sky: there will be rainfall upon the Earth and it will grow crops. Then in the evening, their pasturing animals will come to them with their humps very high, their udders full of milk and their flanks distended.

He will then come to another people and invite them. But they will reject him so he will go away from them; they will have a drought and nothing will be left with them in the form of wealth. He will then walk through the desert and say to it: Bring forth your treasures. The treasures will come out and gather before him like a swarm of bees.

He will bring with him a Hell and a Paradise. However, his Hell and Paradise will be reverse. If he offers anyone between his Hell and Paradise, the person should choose his Hell because then he is going in Jannah for sure.

His rule:
He will appear on the way between Syria and Iraq and will spread mischief right and left.
He will live on earth for forty days, one day like a year, one day like a month, one day like a week, and the rest of the days will be like our days. So, his stay on the Earth (as a mischief-maker) will be equivalent to 1 year and 3 months.
Upon hearing that one day will be like a year, the companions of the Prophet asked: Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him)! Will one day's prayer suffice for the prayers of the day equal to one year? Thereupon he said: No, but you must make an estimate of the time (and then observe prayer).
Though he will be able to go wherever he wants, he will be prevented from entering Mecca and Medina. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Ad-Dajjal will come, and he will be forbidden to enter the mountain passes of Medina. He will encamp in one of the salt areas neighboring Medina."

A misconception:
A person may think that he can hide in Mecca or Medina to be protected from Ad-Dajjal's mischief. However, one should know that Medina, during that time, will be shaken thrice and because of that 70 000 hypocrites will run out from it. Therefore, to be able to station in Medina needs strong faith.

The best martyr:
Near Medina, there will appear to him a young man who will be the best or one of the best of the people. He will say 'I testify that you are Ad-Dajjal whose story Allah's Apostle has told us.
Ad-Dajjal will say (to his audience), 'Look, if I kill this man and then give him life, will you have any doubt about my claim?' They will reply, 'No,' Then Ad-Dajjal will kill that man and then will make him alive. The man will say, 'By Allah, now I recognize you more than ever!'
Ad-Dajjal will then try to kill him (again) but he will not be given the power to do so.

Last encounter:
After the encounter with young boy, Allah will send Jesus, the son of Mary, peace be upon him. He will descend at the white minaret on the eastern side of Damascus, wearing two garments lightly dyed with saffron and placing his hands on the wings of two Angels.
When he lowers his head, there will fall beads of perspiration from his head, and when he raises it up, beads like pearls will scatter from it. Every non-believer who smells the odor of his body will die and his breath will reach as far as he is able to see. He will then search for him (Dajjal) until he catches hold of him at the gate of Ludd in Jerusalem and kills him. Dajjal will melt as the salt dissolves in water.

A Sahabi meets Dajjal:
Fatima bint Qais said that she heard the voice of an announcer making an announcement that the prayer would be observed in the mosque (where) congregational prayer (is observed). So she set out towards the mosque and observed prayer with the Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) and she was in the row of the women which was near the row of men.

When Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) had finished his prayer, he sat on the pulpit, smiling, and said: Every worshipper should remain sitting in his place. He then said: Do you know why I have asked you to assemble? They said: Allah and His apostle know best. He said: By Allah, I have not made you assemble for exhortation or for a warning. I have detained you here because Tamim Dari, a Christian who came and accepted Islam, told me something which agrees with what I was telling you about the Dajjal. He narrated to me that he had sailed in a ship with thirty men of Banu Lakhm and Banu Judham and had been tossed by waves in the ocean for a month. Then these (waves) took them (near) the land within the ocean (island) at the time of sunset.

They sat in a small rowing-boat and landed on that island. There was a beast with long thick hair (and because of this) they could not distinguish his face from his back. They said: Woe to you, who can you be?
Thereupon it said: I am al-Jassasah.
They said: What is al-Jassasah?
It said: You go to this very person in the monastery for he is eagerly waiting for you to know about you. So we came to you in hot haste fearing that that might be the Devil.
He (that chained person) said: Tell me about the date-palm trees of Baysan.
We said: In which respect do you seek information about it?
He said: I ask you whether these trees bear fruit or not.
We said: Yes.
Thereupon he said: I think these will not bear fruit.
He said: Inform me about the lake of Tabariyyah?
We said: What do you want to know about it?
He said: Is there water in it?
They said: There is an abundance of water in it. Thereupon he said: I think it will soon dry up.
He again said: Inform me about the spring of Zughar.
They said: What do you want to know about it?
He (the chained person) said: Is there water in it and does it irrigate (the land)?
We said to him: Yes, there is an abundance of water in it and the inhabitants (of Medina) irrigate (land) with its help.
He said: Inform me about the unlettered Prophet; what has he done?
We said: He has left Mecca and has settled in Yathrib (Medina).
He said: Do the Arabs fight against him?
We said: Yes. He said: How does he deal with him?
We informed him that he had overcome those in his neighborhood and they had submitted themselves before him.
Thereupon he said to us: Had it actually happened?
We said: Yes.
Thereupon he said: If it is so that is better for them that they show obedience to him. I am going to tell you about myself. I am the Dajjal and will be soon permitted to leave. So I shall leave and travel in the land, and shall not spare any town where I shall not stay for forty nights except Mecca and Medina: these two (places) are prohibited (areas) for me and I shall not attempt to enter either of them. An angel with a sword in his hand will confront me and bar my way and there will be angels to guard every road leading to it.
Then Allah's apostle (peace be upon him) striking the pulpit with the help of the end of his staff said: This implies Tayba meaning Medina.
Have I not told you an account (of the Dajjal) like this?
The people said: Yes, and this account narrated by Tamim Dari was liked by me for it corroborates the account which I gave to you in regard to him (Dajjal) at Medina and Mecca.
Behold he (Dajjal) is in the Syrian sea (Mediterranean) or the Yemen sea (Arabian sea). Nay, on the contrary, he is in the east, he is in the east, he is in the east, and he pointed with his hand towards the east.

The mystery of Ibn Sayyad:
Ibn Sayyad was a Jew in Medina. He did not accept Islam and the Prophet (peace be upon him) said that Dajjal will look like him. Ibn Sayyad was a mysterious person, many Sahabas used to consider him a Dajjal. Umar ibn al-Khattab said: Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) permit me that I should kill him. Thereupon Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: If he is that person who is in your mind (Dajjal), you will not be able to kill him [since this task is only reserved for Jesus (peace be upon him). On the other hand, if he is not Dajjal, then there is no point in killing him.

Protection from Ad-Dajjal:
" Run away; don't underestimate his fitnah;
" Recite Surah Al-Kahf;
" Seek Allah's protection: Allah's Apostle used to invoke Allah in the prayer saying "Allahumma inni a'udhu bika min adhabil-qabri, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatil-masihid-dajjal, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatil-mahya wa fitnatil-mamati. Allahumma inni a'udhu bika minal-ma thami wal-maghrami. (O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the punishment of the grave and from the afflictions of Masiah Ad-Dajjal and from the afflictions of life and death. O Allah, I seek refuge with You from the sins and from being in debt)." (Sahih Al-Bukhari)

Jesus:
Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) said: The Last Hour will not come until the Romans land at al-A'maq or in Dabiq.

The Muslims and Christians will fight together against a common enemy. A man among the Christians will say, "We have won this war by the Cross."

A Muslim will say "No, it is by Allah that we have won the war." This would spark a battle against Christians and Muslims; however, in the meantime, it says in Sahih Muslim that Satan will cry:

"The Dajjal has taken your place among your families." They will then come out, but it will be of no avail.

Descending of Jesus:
Dajjal will spread his fitnah around the world; however, with Allah's mercy, Jesus will descend at the white minaret on the eastern side of Damascus.

Jesus will be wearing two garments lightly dyed with saffron and placing his hands on the wings of two Angels.
When he lowers his head, there will fall beads of perspiration from his head, and when he raises it up, beads like pearls will scatter from it.

The time of prayer will come and then Jesus (peace be upon him), son of Mary, descend. The Muslims' commander, Mahdi, would invite him to come and lead them in prayer, but he would say: "No, some amongst you are commanders over some (amongst you). This is the honor from Allah for this Ummah (followers of Mohammad (sal allahu alayhe wassallam)".

Fatality of Dajjal:
When Dajjal sees Jesus in Jerusalem, he will (disappear) just as salt dissolves in water and if he (Jesus) were not to confront them at all, even then it would dissolve completely.

Rule of Jesus:
Jesus, the son of Mary will be the ruler of Muslims. He will make Quran and Sunnah of Mohammad (peace be upon him) as the fundamental law. He will judge mankind justly (as a Just Ruler); he will break the Cross and kill the pigs and there will be no Jizyah (i.e. taxation taken from non-Muslims).

No choice of Jizyah means that the non-Muslims will only be given the option of fighting against the Muslims, there will be no flexibility as it is now in Islam.
Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it, and a single prostration to Allah (in prayer) will be better than the whole world and whatever is in it.

Gog and Magog (Yajuj wa Majuj):
It will be under such conditions that Allah will inform Jesus that a nation will be brought forth from among human beings against whom none will be able to fight. This will be Gog and Magog.

Refuge in Tur:
Jesus will be ordered by Allah to take the believers safely to Tur, and then Allah will send Gog and Magog and they will swarm down from every slope.

Fitnah of Gog and Magog:
The first of them will pass the lake of Tiberias and drink out of it. And when the last of them passes, he will say: There was once water there.

Jesus and his companions will then be besieged here (at Tur, and they will be so hard pressed) that the head of the ox will be dearer to them than one hundred dinars.

Jesus and his companions will supplicate Allah, Who will send to them insects (which will attack their necks) and in the morning they would perish as one single person.

Jesus and his companions, then come down to Earth and they will not find on Earth as much space as a single span that is not filled with putrefaction and stench.

Cleaning up!
Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him), Jesus, and his companions will then beseech Allah who will send birds whose necks would be like those of Bactrian camels and they will carry them away and throw them where Allah wills.
Then Allah will send rain which no house of mud-bricks or (tent of) camel-hair will keep out and it will wash the Earth until it resembles a mirror.

Then the Earth will be told to bring forth its fruit and restore its blessing and, as a result thereof, there will grow (such a big) pomegranate that a group of people will be able to eat it and seek shelter under its skin, a dairy cow will give so much milk that a whole party will be able to drink it.

The milking camel will give such (a large quantity of) milk that the whole tribe will be able to drink from it, and the milking-sheep will give so much milk that the whole family will be able to drink from it.

Daabbah (the beast):
This is a great creature which Allah will cause to emerge when the people become corrupt. It will be able to talk to people and will stamp on people with black and white mark, which will distinguish the believers from the disbelievers.

Dukhan (Smoke):
Allah will send a pleasant wind which will soothe people. It will take the life of every Muslim and then only disbelievers will reside on the Earth. The existence of disbelievers only will spread vice and corruption around the Earth. The Holy Quran says: "Then wait you for the Day when the sky will bring forth a visible smoke, covering the people, this is a painful torment." [al-Dhukhan 44:10-11].

The Earthquakes:
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "The Hour will not begin until you see ten signs… (including) three events where the earth swallows up, one in the East, one in the West, and one in the Arabian Peninsula." (Muslim)

Rising of the sun from West:
The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "The Hour will not begin until the sun rises from the West, and when it rises and the people see it, they will all believe, but that will be when it will do a person no good to believe, if he believed not before, nor earned good (by performing deeds of righteousness) through his faith." (Al-Bukhari, Muslim).

Minor Signs:
The difference between major and minor signs of the Day of Judgment is that one has a chance to repent during the occurrence of minor signs. Further, the minor signs are random and don't necessarily occur one after the other. Some of them have already happened and some of them have not.

There are more than 80 minor signs of the Day of Judgment but some of them are weak. The scholars have classified around 50 of them as authentic ones. Some of them are listed below:

1. Mahdi: A commander of Muslims who will come near the Day of Judgment and will lead people according to Quran and Sunnah.
2. The birth of the Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him)
3. Advent of Islam as the final religion of Allah; Risalah of the Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him)
4. The death of the Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him)
5. Splitting of the Moon - A miracle by the Prophet (See the tafseer of Surah Al-Qamr in Quran).
6. Widespread of evil - one will sleep as a Muslim but will wake up as a disbeliever.
7. Islam will become a stranger.
8. Prevalence of Ignorance - scholars will die and ignorant people will prevail.
9. One will believe in a liar and but doubt a truthful.
10. Everyone will collaborate against Muslims
11. Widespread of Usury/Interest (riba) - people will ignore that it is forbidden
12. Excessive decoration of Masjid will be pervasive
13. Dreams of a Muslim will start becoming a reality
14. Sudden death becomes prevalent
15. Major sins become rampant such as adultery and fornication
16. Loss of Khushoo (attentiveness and fear of Allah during prayer)
17. Lands of Arabs will become green (availability of water and prevalence of farms)
18. Furat - There will be gold discovered under this river and everyone will run to get it; 99 out of 100 people will be massacred in the contest for acquiring that gold
19. Embargo against Iraq
20. [Prophet's prophecy about] Muslim's conquering Palestine
21. A big plague - ta'oon - which would kills masses of people; Abu Ubaidah and many other companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) died because of that
22. There will be so much wealth (that 100 dinars will be equal to nothing; this is also an indication of the spread of inflation like we have now)
23. Prevalence of fitnah in every household (e.g. musical instruments; TV; cable; internet)
24. Treaty between Muslims and Romans (Romans can be implied to any Western nation)